Small Breeds (Shih Tzu & Bichon): Face, Eye, and Coat Care Essentials (UK Guide 2025)

Small, affectionate, and full of personality, Shih Tzus and Bichon Frises are beloved companions across the UK. However, their adorable appearance comes with specific grooming needs that many owners underestimate.

Shih Tzus and Bichon Frises require daily brushing, regular face cleaning, and professional grooming every 4-6 weeks to prevent matting, eye infections, and skin irritation. Their long, dense coats and prominent eyes need consistent care to stay healthy and comfortable.

This comprehensive guide provides practical, UK-focused advice for maintaining your small breed's coat, face, and eye health, helping you establish routines that keep your companion looking and feeling their best.

Understanding Your Small Breed's Grooming Needs

The Shih Tzu's long, luxurious double coat and the Bichon Frise's powderpuff curls aren't just beautiful—they're also high-maintenance. These breeds were developed as companion dogs, with coats designed for comfort rather than practicality.

Why Daily Care Matters

• Matting prevention - Even 2-3 days without brushing can create painful mats
• Eye health - Prominent eyes are vulnerable to injury and infection
• Skin comfort - Trapped moisture and debris can cause irritation
• Bonding time - Regular grooming strengthens your relationship

Daily Coat Care: Your Essential Routine

Establishing a consistent daily brushing routine is the foundation of small breed care. This 10-15 minute investment prevents hours of painful de-matting later.

Essential Brushing Tools

The right tools make all the difference in maintaining your small breed's coat. For a complete guide to all grooming tools and equipment, see our Essential Grooming Tools for Beginner Pet Owners guide.

Step-by-Step Brushing Technique

1. Start with dry hair - Never brush wet hair as it's more prone to breakage
2. Lightly mist with detangling spray - Focus on areas prone to matting
3. Work in sections - Start from the bottom and work upward
4. Use gentle strokes - Let the brush do the work, don't force it
5. Check with the comb - If the comb catches, continue brushing that area

Handling Mats and Tangles

When you find a mat, resist the urge to pull it out. For comprehensive prevention strategies and daily routines to avoid matting, see our detailed guide on Preventing Matting Between Grooms. Instead:

• Hold the mat close to the skin - This prevents pulling and discomfort
• Work from the tips inward - Gradually tease apart the mat
• Use your fingers first - Gently separate what you can before using tools
• Take breaks - If your dog becomes stressed, stop and resume later

Bathing and Conditioning: Keeping Coats Healthy

Regular bathing is essential for small breeds, but the frequency depends on lifestyle, coat length, and skin condition. Most Shih Tzus and Bichons benefit from bathing every 2-3 weeks.

Bathing Schedule Guidelines

• Full coat: Every 2-3 weeks with professional grooming every 4-6 weeks
• Puppy cut: Every 3-4 weeks with professional grooming every 6-8 weeks
• Active outdoor dogs: May need weekly baths during muddy seasons
• Skin conditions: Follow your vet's specific bathing recommendations

Proper Bathing Technique

1. Pre-brush thoroughly - Remove all mats before wetting
2. Use lukewarm water - Test temperature on your wrist
3. Wet gradually - Start from the neck down, avoiding the face initially
4. Shampoo and condition - Both are essential for these coat types
5. Rinse thoroughly - Leftover product can cause skin irritation
6. Towel dry gently - Pat, don't rub, to prevent tangling

Drying and Finishing

Proper drying is crucial for preventing mats and maintaining coat health:

• Use a dog-safe blow dryer - Human dryers can be too hot
• Keep the dryer moving - Never focus heat on one spot
• Brush while drying - This prevents the coat from curling and matting
• Work in sections - Ensure each area is completely dry

Face and Eye Care: Daily Attention for Prominent Eyes

Shih Tzus and Bichons have large, prominent eyes that are beautiful but vulnerable. Their flat faces and long facial hair create the perfect conditions for eye problems if not properly maintained.

Daily Face Cleaning Routine

Safe Cleaning Techniques

• Use vet-approved eye wipes - Or sterile saline solution on cotton balls
• Wipe from inner to outer corner - This follows the natural tear flow
• Never use cotton buds - Too risky near delicate eye tissue
• Avoid shampoo on the face - Use a separate, gentle face cleanser if needed
• Pat dry gently - Never rub or apply pressure

Managing Tear Stains

Those reddish-brown stains around the eyes are caused by porphyrin pigments in tears. While not harmful, they can indicate underlying issues:

• Keep hair trimmed - Hair touching the eyes increases tear production
• Check for blocked tear ducts - Excessive tearing may need veterinary attention
• Consider diet factors - Some dogs are sensitive to certain proteins or additives
• Maintain consistent cleaning - Regular removal prevents stain buildup

Facial Hair Management

Keeping facial hair properly trimmed is essential for eye health and comfort:

• Trim hair between the eyes - Use blunt-tipped scissors or leave to professionals
• Keep mouth area short - Prevents food accumulation and makes eating easier
• Use soft hair accessories - If tying up topknots, use fabric bands, never elastic
• Consider a puppy cut - Shorter styles are easier to maintain and healthier for active dogs

Recognising Health Concerns

Small breeds are prone to specific health issues that owners should monitor during daily grooming routines.

Eye Problems to Watch For

Common Small Breed Issues

• Cherry eye: Red, fleshy mass in the corner of the eye - requires surgical correction
• Corneal ulcers: Scratches on the eye surface from hair or debris
• Dry eye: Insufficient tear production leading to thick discharge
• Ear infections: Common due to hair growth in ear canals
• Skin allergies: Can cause excessive scratching and coat damage

Professional Grooming: When to Seek Expert Help

While daily home care is essential, professional grooming provides services that are difficult or dangerous to attempt at home.

Services Best Left to Professionals

• Nail trimming: Small breeds have tiny, dark nails that are easy to cut too short
• Ear hair removal: Requires special tools and technique to avoid injury
• Anal gland expression: Should only be done when necessary by trained professionals
• Severe matting removal: Professional tools and experience prevent injury
• Breed-specific cuts: Achieving the classic Shih Tzu or Bichon look requires expertise

Choosing the Right Groomer

Look for groomers who:

• Have small breed experience - These dogs require gentle handling
• Offer health checks - Good groomers spot problems early
• Use quality products - Especially important for sensitive skin
• Maintain clean facilities - Hygiene is crucial for preventing infections
• Communicate well - Should discuss your dog's needs and any concerns

Local Grooming Resources in Kent

Finding the right groomer for your Shih Tzu or Bichon in the Folkestone, Hythe, Sandgate, and Dover areas is crucial for maintaining their health and happiness.

Use our directory to find experienced groomers in your area who specialise in small, long-coated breeds. Many offer additional services like nail trimming, ear cleaning, and health checks that complement your home care routine.

Creating a Positive Grooming Experience

The key to successful grooming is making it a positive experience for both you and your dog. Start slowly, use plenty of treats and praise, and never rush the process.

Building Good Habits

• Start young: Puppies adapt more easily to grooming routines
• Keep sessions short: 10-15 minutes is better than one long, stressful session
• Use high-value treats: Reserve special rewards for grooming time
• Stay calm: Dogs pick up on your stress and anxiety
• End on a positive note: Always finish with something your dog enjoys

Conclusion: Consistent Care for Happy, Healthy Companions

Caring for a Shih Tzu or Bichon Frise requires commitment, but the rewards are immense. These loving companions thrive when their grooming needs are met consistently and gently.

Remember that daily brushing, regular face cleaning, and professional grooming every 4-6 weeks aren't just about appearance—they're essential for your dog's health, comfort, and quality of life. By establishing these routines early and maintaining them consistently, you'll ensure your small breed companion stays happy, healthy, and beautiful for years to come.

Whether you're in Folkestone, Hythe, Sandgate, Dover, or anywhere across Kent, the principles remain the same: gentle, consistent care combined with professional expertise when needed. Your Shih Tzu or Bichon will thank you with years of loyal companionship and that irresistible charm that makes these breeds so beloved.